/
dist/boards/
dist/councils/
dist/deity/
dist/doc/mudprogs/
dist/guilds/
/****************************************************************************
 * [S]imulated [M]edieval [A]dventure multi[U]ser [G]ame      |   \\._.//   *
 * -----------------------------------------------------------|   (0...0)   *
 * SMAUG 1.0 (C) 1994, 1995, 1996 by Derek Snider             |    ).:.(    *
 * -----------------------------------------------------------|    {o o}    *
 * SMAUG code team: Thoric, Altrag, Blodkai, Narn, Haus,      |   / ' ' \   *
 * Scryn, Rennard, Swordbearer, Gorog, Grishnakh and Tricops  |~'~.VxvxV.~'~*
 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------ *
 * Merc 2.1 Diku Mud improvments copyright (C) 1992, 1993 by Michael        *
 * Chastain, Michael Quan, and Mitchell Tse.                                *
 * Original Diku Mud copyright (C) 1990, 1991 by Sebastian Hammer,          *
 * Michael Seifert, Hans Henrik St{rfeldt, Tom Madsen, and Katja Nyboe.     *
 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------ *
 *			 Low-level communication module			    *
 ****************************************************************************/

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "mud.h"

/*
 * Socket and TCP/IP stuff.
 */
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <arpa/telnet.h>
#include <netdb.h>

const	char	echo_off_str	[] = { IAC, WILL, TELOPT_ECHO, '\0' };
const	char	echo_on_str	[] = { IAC, WONT, TELOPT_ECHO, '\0' };
const	char 	go_ahead_str	[] = { IAC, GA, '\0' };

void    send_auth args( ( struct descriptor_data *d ) );
void    read_auth args( ( struct descriptor_data *d ) );
void    start_auth args( ( struct descriptor_data *d ) );
void    save_sysdata args( ( SYSTEM_DATA sys ) );


/*
 * Global variables.
 */
DESCRIPTOR_DATA *   first_descriptor;	/* First descriptor		*/
DESCRIPTOR_DATA *   last_descriptor;	/* Last descriptor		*/
DESCRIPTOR_DATA *   d_next;		/* Next descriptor in loop	*/
int		    num_descriptors;
FILE *		    fpReserve;		/* Reserved file handle		*/
bool		    mud_down;		/* Shutdown			*/
bool		    wizlock;		/* Game is wizlocked		*/
time_t              boot_time;
HOUR_MIN_SEC  	    set_boot_time_struct;
HOUR_MIN_SEC *      set_boot_time;
struct tm *         new_boot_time;
struct tm           new_boot_struct;
char		    str_boot_time[MAX_INPUT_LENGTH];
char		    lastplayercmd[MAX_INPUT_LENGTH*2];
time_t		    current_time;	/* Time of this pulse		*/
int		    control;		/* Controlling descriptor	*/
int		    control2;		/* Controlling descriptor #2	*/
int		    conclient;		/* MUDClient controlling desc	*/
int		    conjava;		/* JavaMUD controlling desc	*/
int		    newdesc;		/* New descriptor		*/
fd_set		    in_set;		/* Set of desc's for reading	*/
fd_set		    out_set;		/* Set of desc's for writing	*/
fd_set		    exc_set;		/* Set of desc's with errors	*/
int 		    maxdesc;

/*
 * OS-dependent local functions.
 */
void	game_loop		args( ( ) );
int	init_socket		args( ( int port ) );
void	new_descriptor		args( ( int new_desc ) );
bool	read_from_descriptor	args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d ) );
bool	write_to_descriptor	args( ( int desc, char *txt, int length ) );


/*
 * Other local functions (OS-independent).
 */
bool	check_parse_name	args( ( char *name ) );
bool	check_reconnect		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *name,
				    bool fConn ) );
bool	check_playing		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *name, bool kick ) );
int	main			args( ( int argc, char **argv ) );
void	nanny			args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *argument ) );
bool	flush_buffer		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, bool fPrompt ) );
void	read_from_buffer	args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d ) );
void	stop_idling		args( ( CHAR_DATA *ch ) );
void	free_desc		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d ) );
void	display_prompt		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d ) );
int	make_color_sequence	args( ( const char *col, char *buf,
					DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d ) );
void	set_pager_input		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d,
					char *argument ) );
bool	pager_output		args( ( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d ) );



void	mail_count		args( ( CHAR_DATA *ch ) );



int main( int argc, char **argv )
{
    struct timeval now_time;
    int port;

    /*
     * Memory debugging if needed.
     */
#if defined(MALLOC_DEBUG)
    malloc_debug( 2 );
#endif

    num_descriptors		= 0;
    first_descriptor		= NULL;
    last_descriptor		= NULL;
    sysdata.NO_NAME_RESOLVING	= TRUE;
    sysdata.WAIT_FOR_AUTH	= TRUE;

    /*
     * Init time.
     */
    gettimeofday( &now_time, NULL );
    current_time = (time_t) now_time.tv_sec;
/*  gettimeofday( &boot_time, NULL);   okay, so it's kludgy, sue me :) */
    boot_time = time(0);         /*  <-- I think this is what you wanted */
    strcpy( str_boot_time, ctime( &current_time ) );

    /*
     * Init boot time.
     */
    set_boot_time = &set_boot_time_struct;
  /*  set_boot_time->hour   = 6;
    set_boot_time->min    = 0;
    set_boot_time->sec    = 0;*/
    set_boot_time->manual = 0;
    
    new_boot_time = update_time(localtime(&current_time));
    /* Copies *new_boot_time to new_boot_struct, and then points
       new_boot_time to new_boot_struct again. -- Alty */
    new_boot_struct = *new_boot_time;
    new_boot_time = &new_boot_struct;
    new_boot_time->tm_mday += 1;
    if(new_boot_time->tm_hour > 12)
    new_boot_time->tm_mday += 1;
    new_boot_time->tm_sec = 0;
    new_boot_time->tm_min = 0;
    new_boot_time->tm_hour = 6;

    /* Update new_boot_time (due to day increment) */
    new_boot_time = update_time(new_boot_time);
    new_boot_struct = *new_boot_time;
    new_boot_time = &new_boot_struct;

    /* Set reboot time string for do_time */
    get_reboot_string();

    /*
     * Reserve two channels for our use.
     */
    if ( ( fpReserve = fopen( NULL_FILE, "r" ) ) == NULL )
    {
	perror( NULL_FILE );
	exit( 1 );
    }
    if ( ( fpLOG = fopen( NULL_FILE, "r" ) ) == NULL )
    {
	perror( NULL_FILE );
	exit( 1 );
    }

    /*
     * Get the port number.
     */
    port = 4000;
    if ( argc > 1 )
    {
	if ( !is_number( argv[1] ) )
	{
	    fprintf( stderr, "Usage: %s [port #]\n", argv[0] );
	    exit( 1 );
	}
	else if ( ( port = atoi( argv[1] ) ) <= 1024 )
	{
	    fprintf( stderr, "Port number must be above 1024.\n" );
	    exit( 1 );
	}
    }

    /*
     * Run the game.
     */
    log_string("Booting Database");
    boot_db( );
    log_string("Initializing socket");
    control  = init_socket( port   );
    control2 = init_socket( port+1 );
    conclient= init_socket( port+10);
    conjava  = init_socket( port+20);
    sprintf( log_buf, "Realms of Despair ready on port %d.", port );
    log_string( log_buf );
    game_loop( );
    close( control  );
    close( control2 );
    close( conclient);
    close( conjava  );
    /*
     * That's all, folks.
     */
    log_string( "Normal termination of game." );
    exit( 0 );
    return 0;
}


int init_socket( int port )
{
    char hostname[64];
    struct sockaddr_in	 sa;
    struct hostent	*hp;
    struct servent	*sp;
    int x = 1;
    int fd;

    gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname));
    

    if ( ( fd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 ) ) < 0 )
    {
	perror( "Init_socket: socket" );
	exit( 1 );
    }

    if ( setsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR,
		    (void *) &x, sizeof(x) ) < 0 )
    {
	perror( "Init_socket: SO_REUSEADDR" );
	close( fd );
	exit( 1 );
    }

#if defined(SO_DONTLINGER) && !defined(SYSV)
    {
	struct	linger	ld;

	ld.l_onoff  = 1;
	ld.l_linger = 1000;

	if ( setsockopt( fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTLINGER,
			(void *) &ld, sizeof(ld) ) < 0 )
	{
	    perror( "Init_socket: SO_DONTLINGER" );
	    close( fd );
	    exit( 1 );
	}
    }
#endif

    hp = gethostbyname( hostname );
    sp = getservbyname( "service", "mud" );
    memset(&sa, '\0', sizeof(sa));
    sa.sin_family   = AF_INET; /* hp->h_addrtype; */
    sa.sin_port	    = htons( port );

    if ( bind( fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sa, sizeof(sa) ) == -1 )
    {
	perror( "Init_socket: bind" );
	close( fd );
	exit( 1 );
    }

    if ( listen( fd, 50 ) < 0 )
    {
	perror( "Init_socket: listen" );
	close( fd );
	exit( 1 );
    }

    return fd;
}

/*
static void SegVio()
{
  CHAR_DATA *ch;
  char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];

  log_string( "SEGMENTATION VIOLATION" );
  log_string( lastplayercmd );
  for ( ch = first_char; ch; ch = ch->next )
  {
    sprintf( buf, "%cPC: %-20s room: %d", IS_NPC(ch) ? 'N' : ' ',
    		ch->name, ch->in_room->vnum );
    log_string( buf );  
  }
  exit(0);
}
*/

/*
 * LAG alarm!							-Thoric
 */
static void caught_alarm()
{
    char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
    bug( "ALARM CLOCK!" );
    strcpy( buf, "Alas, the hideous malevalent entity known only as 'Lag' rises once more!\n\r" );
    echo_to_all( AT_IMMORT, buf, ECHOTAR_ALL );
    if ( newdesc )
    {
	FD_CLR( newdesc, &in_set );
	FD_CLR( newdesc, &out_set );
	log_string( "clearing newdesc" );
    }
    game_loop( );
    close( control );

    log_string( "Normal termination of game." );
    exit( 0 );
}

bool check_bad_desc( int desc )
{
    if ( FD_ISSET( desc, &exc_set ) )
    {
	FD_CLR( desc, &in_set );
	FD_CLR( desc, &out_set );
	log_string( "Bad FD caught and disposed." );
	return TRUE;
    }
    return FALSE;
}


void accept_new( int ctrl )
{
	static struct timeval null_time;
	DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d;
	/* int maxdesc; Moved up for use with id.c as extern */

#if defined(MALLOC_DEBUG)
	if ( malloc_verify( ) != 1 )
	    abort( );
#endif

	/*
	 * Poll all active descriptors.
	 */
	FD_ZERO( &in_set  );
	FD_ZERO( &out_set );
	FD_ZERO( &exc_set );
	FD_SET( ctrl, &in_set );
	maxdesc	= ctrl;
	newdesc = 0;
	for ( d = first_descriptor; d; d = d->next )
	{
	    maxdesc = UMAX( maxdesc, d->descriptor );
	    FD_SET( d->descriptor, &in_set  );
	    FD_SET( d->descriptor, &out_set );
	    FD_SET( d->descriptor, &exc_set );
	    if (d->auth_fd != -1)
	    {
		maxdesc = UMAX( maxdesc, d->auth_fd );
		FD_SET(d->auth_fd, &in_set);
		if (IS_SET(d->auth_state, FLAG_WRAUTH))
		  FD_SET(d->auth_fd, &out_set);
	    }
	    if ( d == last_descriptor )
	      break;
	}

	if ( select( maxdesc+1, &in_set, &out_set, &exc_set, &null_time ) < 0 )
	{
	    perror( "accept_new: select: poll" );
	    exit( 1 );
	}

	if ( FD_ISSET( ctrl, &exc_set ) )
	{
	    bug( "Exception raise on controlling descriptor %d", ctrl );
	    FD_CLR( ctrl, &in_set );
	    FD_CLR( ctrl, &out_set );
	}
	else
	if ( FD_ISSET( ctrl, &in_set ) )
	{
	    newdesc = ctrl;
	    new_descriptor( newdesc );
	}
}

void game_loop( )
{
    struct timeval	  last_time;
    char cmdline[MAX_INPUT_LENGTH];
    DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d;
    time_t	last_check = 0;

    signal( SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN );
    signal( SIGALRM, caught_alarm );
    /* signal( SIGSEGV, SegVio ); */
    gettimeofday( &last_time, NULL );
    current_time = (time_t) last_time.tv_sec;

    /* Main loop */
    while ( !mud_down )
    {
	accept_new( control  );
	accept_new( control2 );
	accept_new( conclient);
	accept_new( conjava  );
	/*
	 * Kick out descriptors with raised exceptions
	 * or have been idle, then check for input.
	 */
	for ( d = first_descriptor; d; d = d_next )
	{
	    if ( d == d->next )
	    {
	      bug( "descriptor_loop: loop found & fixed" );
	      d->next = NULL;
	    }
 	    d_next = d->next;   

	    d->idle++;	/* make it so a descriptor can idle out */
	    if ( FD_ISSET( d->descriptor, &exc_set ) )
	    {
		FD_CLR( d->descriptor, &in_set  );
		FD_CLR( d->descriptor, &out_set );
		if ( d->character
		&& ( d->connected == CON_PLAYING
		||   d->connected == CON_EDITING ) )
		    save_char_obj( d->character );
		d->outtop	= 0;
		close_socket( d, TRUE );
		continue;
	    }
	    else 
	    if ( (!d->character && d->idle > 360)		  /* 2 mins */
            ||   ( d->connected != CON_PLAYING && d->idle > 1200) /* 5 mins */
	    ||     d->idle > 28800 )				  /* 2 hrs  */
	    {
		write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor,
		 "Idle timeout... disconnecting.\n\r", 0 );
		d->outtop	= 0;
		close_socket( d, TRUE );
		continue;
	    }
	    else
	    {
		d->fcommand	= FALSE;

		if ( FD_ISSET( d->descriptor, &in_set ) )
		{
			d->idle = 0;
			if ( d->character )
			  d->character->timer = 0;
			if ( !read_from_descriptor( d ) )
			{
			    FD_CLR( d->descriptor, &out_set );
			    if ( d->character
			    && ( d->connected == CON_PLAYING
			    ||   d->connected == CON_EDITING ) )
				save_char_obj( d->character );
			    d->outtop	= 0;
			    close_socket( d, FALSE );
			    continue;
			}
		}

		/* IDENT authentication */
	        if ( ( d->auth_fd == -1 ) && ( d->atimes < 20 ) 
		&& !str_cmp( d->user, "unknown" ) )
		   start_auth( d );

		if ( d->auth_fd != -1)
		{
		   if ( FD_ISSET( d->auth_fd, &in_set ) )
		   {
			read_auth( d );
			/* if ( !d->auth_state ) 
			    check_ban( d );*/
		   }
		   else
		   if ( FD_ISSET( d->auth_fd, &out_set )
		   && IS_SET( d->auth_state, FLAG_WRAUTH) )
		   {
			send_auth( d );
			/* if ( !d->auth_state )
			  check_ban( d );*/
		   }
		}
		if ( d->character && d->character->wait > 0 )
		{
			--d->character->wait;
			continue;
		}

		read_from_buffer( d );
		if ( d->incomm[0] != '\0' )
		{
			d->fcommand	= TRUE;
			stop_idling( d->character );

			strcpy( cmdline, d->incomm );
			d->incomm[0] = '\0';
			
			if ( d->character )
			  set_cur_char( d->character );

			if ( d->pagepoint )
			  set_pager_input(d, cmdline);
			else
			  switch( d->connected )
			  {
			   default:
 				nanny( d, cmdline );
				break;
			   case CON_PLAYING:
				interpret( d->character, cmdline );
				break;
			   case CON_EDITING:
				edit_buffer( d->character, cmdline );
				break;
			  }
		}
	    }
	    if ( d == last_descriptor )
	      break;
	}

	/*
	 * Autonomous game motion.
	 */
	update_handler( );

	/*
	 * Check REQUESTS pipe
	 */
        check_requests( );

	/*
	 * Output.
	 */
	for ( d = first_descriptor; d; d = d_next )
	{
	    d_next = d->next;   

	    if ( ( d->fcommand || d->outtop > 0 )
	    &&   FD_ISSET(d->descriptor, &out_set) )
	    {
	        if ( d->pagepoint )
	        {
	          if ( !pager_output(d) )
	          {
	            if ( d->character
	            && ( d->connected == CON_PLAYING
	            ||   d->connected == CON_EDITING ) )
	                save_char_obj( d->character );
	            d->outtop = 0;
	            close_socket(d, FALSE);
	          }
	        }
		else if ( !flush_buffer( d, TRUE ) )
		{
		    if ( d->character
		    && ( d->connected == CON_PLAYING
		    ||   d->connected == CON_EDITING ) )
			save_char_obj( d->character );
		    d->outtop	= 0;
		    close_socket( d, FALSE );
		}
	    }
	    if ( d == last_descriptor )
	      break;
	}

	/*
	 * Synchronize to a clock.
	 * Sleep( last_time + 1/PULSE_PER_SECOND - now ).
	 * Careful here of signed versus unsigned arithmetic.
	 */
	{
	    struct timeval now_time;
	    long secDelta;
	    long usecDelta;

	    gettimeofday( &now_time, NULL );
	    usecDelta	= ((int) last_time.tv_usec) - ((int) now_time.tv_usec)
			+ 1000000 / PULSE_PER_SECOND;
	    secDelta	= ((int) last_time.tv_sec ) - ((int) now_time.tv_sec );
	    while ( usecDelta < 0 )
	    {
		usecDelta += 1000000;
		secDelta  -= 1;
	    }

	    while ( usecDelta >= 1000000 )
	    {
		usecDelta -= 1000000;
		secDelta  += 1;
	    }

	    if ( secDelta > 0 || ( secDelta == 0 && usecDelta > 0 ) )
	    {
		struct timeval stall_time;

		stall_time.tv_usec = usecDelta;
		stall_time.tv_sec  = secDelta;
		if ( select( 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &stall_time ) < 0 )
		{
		    perror( "game_loop: select: stall" );
		    exit( 1 );
		}
	    }
	}

	gettimeofday( &last_time, NULL );
	current_time = (time_t) last_time.tv_sec;
	/* Check every 5 seconds.. */
	if ( last_check+5 < current_time )
	{
	  CHECK_LINKS(first_descriptor, last_descriptor, next, prev,
	      DESCRIPTOR_DATA);
	  last_check = current_time;
	}
    }
    return;
}


void new_descriptor( int new_desc )
{
    char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
    DESCRIPTOR_DATA *dnew;
    BAN_DATA *pban;
    struct sockaddr_in sock;
    struct hostent *from;
    int desc;
    int size;
    char bugbuf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];

    set_alarm( 20 );
    size = sizeof(sock);
    if ( check_bad_desc( new_desc ) )
    {
      set_alarm( 0 );
      return;
    }
    set_alarm( 20 );
    if ( ( desc = accept( new_desc, (struct sockaddr *) &sock, &size) ) < 0 )
    {
	perror( "New_descriptor: accept" );
	sprintf(bugbuf, "[*****] BUG: New_descriptor: accept");
	log_string_plus( bugbuf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
	set_alarm( 0 );
	return;
    }
    if ( check_bad_desc( new_desc ) )
    {
      set_alarm( 0 );
      return;
    }
#if !defined(FNDELAY)
#define FNDELAY O_NDELAY
#endif

    set_alarm( 20 );
    if ( fcntl( desc, F_SETFL, FNDELAY ) == -1 )
    {
	perror( "New_descriptor: fcntl: FNDELAY" );
	set_alarm( 0 );
	return;
    }
    if ( check_bad_desc( new_desc ) )
      return;

    CREATE( dnew, DESCRIPTOR_DATA, 1 );
    dnew->next		= NULL;
    dnew->descriptor	= desc;
    dnew->connected	= CON_GET_NAME;
    dnew->outsize	= 2000;
    dnew->idle		= 0;
    dnew->lines		= 0;
    dnew->scrlen	= 24;
    dnew->port		= ntohs( sock.sin_port );
    dnew->user 		= STRALLOC("unknown");
    dnew->auth_fd	= -1;
    dnew->auth_inc	= 0;
    dnew->auth_state	= 0;
    dnew->newstate	= 0;
    dnew->prevcolor	= 0x07;

    CREATE( dnew->outbuf, char, dnew->outsize );

    strcpy( buf, inet_ntoa( sock.sin_addr ) );
    sprintf( log_buf, "Sock.sinaddr:  %s, port %hd.",
		buf, dnew->port );
    log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
    if ( sysdata.NO_NAME_RESOLVING )
      dnew->host = STRALLOC( buf );
    else
    {
       from = gethostbyaddr( (char *) &sock.sin_addr,
	  	sizeof(sock.sin_addr), AF_INET );
       dnew->host = STRALLOC( (char *)( from ? from->h_name : buf) );
    }
	
    for ( pban = first_ban; pban; pban = pban->next )
    {
        /* This used to use str_suffix, but in order to do bans by the 
           first part of the ip, ie "ban 207.136.25" str_prefix must
           be used. -- Narn
        */
	if ( !str_prefix( pban->name, dnew->host ) && 
	      pban->level >= LEVEL_SUPREME )
	{
	    write_to_descriptor( desc,
		"Your site has been banned from this Mud.\n\r", 0 );
	    free_desc( dnew );
	    set_alarm( 0 );
	    return;
	}
    }

    /*
     * Init descriptor data.
     */

    if ( !last_descriptor && first_descriptor )
    {
	DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d;

	bug( "New_descriptor: last_desc is NULL, but first_desc is not! ...fixing" );
	for ( d = first_descriptor; d; d = d->next )
	   if ( !d->next )
		last_descriptor = d;
    }

    LINK( dnew, first_descriptor, last_descriptor, next, prev );

    /*
     * Send the greeting.
     */
    {
	extern char * help_greeting;
	if ( help_greeting[0] == '.' )
	    write_to_buffer( dnew, help_greeting+1, 0 );
	else
	    write_to_buffer( dnew, help_greeting  , 0 );
    }

    start_auth( dnew ); /* Start username authorization */

    if ( ++num_descriptors > sysdata.maxplayers )
	sysdata.maxplayers = num_descriptors;
    if ( sysdata.maxplayers > sysdata.alltimemax )
    {
	if ( sysdata.time_of_max )
	  DISPOSE(sysdata.time_of_max);
	sprintf(buf, "%24.24s", ctime(&current_time));
	sysdata.time_of_max = str_dup(buf);
	sysdata.alltimemax = sysdata.maxplayers;
	sprintf( log_buf, "Broke all-time maximum player record: %d", sysdata.alltimemax );
	log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
	to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", LEVEL_IMMORTAL );
	save_sysdata( sysdata );
    }
    set_alarm(0);
    return;
}

void free_desc( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d )
{
    close( d->descriptor );
    STRFREE( d->host );
    DISPOSE( d->outbuf );
    STRFREE( d->user );    /* identd */
    if ( d->pagebuf )
	DISPOSE( d->pagebuf );
    DISPOSE( d );
    --num_descriptors;
    return;
}

void close_socket( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *dclose, bool force )
{
    CHAR_DATA *ch;
    DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d;
    bool DoNotUnlink = FALSE;

    /* flush outbuf */
    if ( !force && dclose->outtop > 0 )
	flush_buffer( dclose, FALSE );

    /* say bye to whoever's snooping this descriptor */
    if ( dclose->snoop_by )
	write_to_buffer( dclose->snoop_by,
	    "Your victim has left the game.\n\r", 0 );

    /* stop snooping everyone else */
    for ( d = first_descriptor; d; d = d->next )
	if ( d->snoop_by == dclose )
	  d->snoop_by = NULL;

    /* Check for switched people who go link-dead. -- Altrag */
    if ( dclose->original )
    {
	if ( ( ch = dclose->character ) != NULL )
	  do_return(ch, "");
	else
	{
	  bug( "Close_socket: dclose->original without character %s",
		(dclose->original->name ? dclose->original->name : "unknown") );
	  dclose->character = dclose->original;
	  dclose->original = NULL;
	}
    }
    
    ch = dclose->character;

    /* sanity check :( */
    if ( !dclose->prev && dclose != first_descriptor )
    {
	DESCRIPTOR_DATA *dp, *dn;
	bug( "Close_socket: %s desc:%p != first_desc:%p and desc->prev = NULL!",
		ch ? ch->name : d->host, dclose, first_descriptor );
	dp = NULL;
	for ( d = first_descriptor; d; d = dn )
	{
	   dn = d->next;
	   if ( d == dclose )
	   {
		bug( "Close_socket: %s desc:%p found, prev should be:%p, fixing.",
		    ch ? ch->name : d->host, dclose, dp );
		dclose->prev = dp;
		break;
	   }
	   dp = d;
	}
	if ( !dclose->prev )
	{
	    bug( "Close_socket: %s desc:%p could not be found!.",
		    ch ? ch->name : dclose->host, dclose );
	    DoNotUnlink = TRUE;
	}
    }
    if ( !dclose->next && dclose != last_descriptor )
    {
	DESCRIPTOR_DATA *dp, *dn;
	bug( "Close_socket: %s desc:%p != last_desc:%p and desc->next = NULL!",
		ch ? ch->name : d->host, dclose, last_descriptor );
	dn = NULL;
	for ( d = last_descriptor; d; d = dp )
	{
	   dp = d->prev;
	   if ( d == dclose )
	   {
		bug( "Close_socket: %s desc:%p found, next should be:%p, fixing.",
		    ch ? ch->name : d->host, dclose, dn );
		dclose->next = dn;
		break;
	   }
	   dn = d;
	}
	if ( !dclose->next )
	{
	    bug( "Close_socket: %s desc:%p could not be found!.",
		    ch ? ch->name : dclose->host, dclose );
	    DoNotUnlink = TRUE;
	}
    }

    if ( dclose->character )
    {
	sprintf( log_buf, "Closing link to %s.", ch->name );
	log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, UMAX( sysdata.log_level, ch->level ) );
/*
	if ( ch->level < LEVEL_DEMI )
	  to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", ch->level );
*/
	if ( dclose->connected == CON_PLAYING
	||   dclose->connected == CON_EDITING )
	{
	    act( AT_ACTION, "$n has lost $s link.", ch, NULL, NULL, TO_ROOM );
	    ch->desc = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
	    /* clear descriptor pointer to get rid of bug message in log */
	    dclose->character->desc = NULL;
	    free_char( dclose->character );
	}
    }


    if ( !DoNotUnlink )
    {
	/* make sure loop doesn't get messed up */
	if ( d_next == dclose )
	  d_next = d_next->next;
	UNLINK( dclose, first_descriptor, last_descriptor, next, prev );
    }

    if ( dclose->descriptor == maxdesc )
      --maxdesc;
    if ( dclose->auth_fd != -1 ) 
      close( dclose->auth_fd );

    free_desc( dclose );
    return;
}


bool read_from_descriptor( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d )
{
    int iStart;

    /* Hold horses if pending command already. */
    if ( d->incomm[0] != '\0' )
	return TRUE;

    /* Check for overflow. */
    iStart = strlen(d->inbuf);
    if ( iStart >= sizeof(d->inbuf) - 10 )
    {
	sprintf( log_buf, "%s input overflow!", d->host );
	log_string( log_buf );
	write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor,
	    "\n\r*** PUT A LID ON IT!!! ***\n\r", 0 );
	return FALSE;
    }

    for ( ; ; )
    {
	int nRead;

	nRead = read( d->descriptor, d->inbuf + iStart,
	    sizeof(d->inbuf) - 10 - iStart );
	if ( nRead > 0 )
	{
	    iStart += nRead;
	    if ( d->inbuf[iStart-1] == '\n' || d->inbuf[iStart-1] == '\r' )
		break;
	}
	else if ( nRead == 0 )
	{
	    log_string_plus( "EOF encountered on read.", LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
	    return FALSE;
	}
	else if ( errno == EWOULDBLOCK )
	    break;
	else
	{
	    perror( "Read_from_descriptor" );
	    return FALSE;
	}
    }

    d->inbuf[iStart] = '\0';
    return TRUE;
}



/*
 * Transfer one line from input buffer to input line.
 */
void read_from_buffer( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d )
{
    int i, j, k;

    /*
     * Hold horses if pending command already.
     */
    if ( d->incomm[0] != '\0' )
	return;

    /*
     * Look for at least one new line.
     */
    for ( i = 0; d->inbuf[i] != '\n' && d->inbuf[i] != '\r' && i<MAX_INBUF_SIZE;
	  i++ )
    {
	if ( d->inbuf[i] == '\0' )
	    return;
    }

    /*
     * Canonical input processing.
     */
    for ( i = 0, k = 0; d->inbuf[i] != '\n' && d->inbuf[i] != '\r'; i++ )
    {
	if ( k >= 254 )
	{
	    write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor, "Line too long.\n\r", 0 );

	    /* skip the rest of the line */
	    /*
	    for ( ; d->inbuf[i] != '\0' || i>= MAX_INBUF_SIZE ; i++ )
	    {
		if ( d->inbuf[i] == '\n' || d->inbuf[i] == '\r' )
		    break;
	    }
	    */
	    d->inbuf[i]   = '\n';
	    d->inbuf[i+1] = '\0';
	    break;
	}

	if ( d->inbuf[i] == '\b' && k > 0 )
	    --k;
	else if ( isascii(d->inbuf[i]) && isprint(d->inbuf[i]) )
	    d->incomm[k++] = d->inbuf[i];
    }

    /*
     * Finish off the line.
     */
    if ( k == 0 )
	d->incomm[k++] = ' ';
    d->incomm[k] = '\0';

    /*
     * Deal with bozos with #repeat 1000 ...
     */
    if ( k > 1 || d->incomm[0] == '!' )
    {
	if ( d->incomm[0] != '!' && strcmp( d->incomm, d->inlast ) )
	{
	    d->repeat = 0;
	}
	else
	{
	    if ( ++d->repeat >= 20 )
	    {
/*		sprintf( log_buf, "%s input spamming!", d->host );
		log_string( log_buf );
*/
		write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor,
		    "\n\r*** PUT A LID ON IT!!! ***\n\r", 0 );
		strcpy( d->incomm, "quit" );
	    }
	}
    }

    /*
     * Do '!' substitution.
     */
    if ( d->incomm[0] == '!' )
	strcpy( d->incomm, d->inlast );
    else
	strcpy( d->inlast, d->incomm );

    /*
     * Shift the input buffer.
     */
    while ( d->inbuf[i] == '\n' || d->inbuf[i] == '\r' )
	i++;
    for ( j = 0; ( d->inbuf[j] = d->inbuf[i+j] ) != '\0'; j++ )
	;
    return;
}



/*
 * Low level output function.
 */
bool flush_buffer( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, bool fPrompt )
{
    char buf[MAX_INPUT_LENGTH];
    extern bool mud_down;

    /*
     * If buffer has more than 4K inside, spit out .5K at a time   -Thoric
     */
    if ( !mud_down && d->outtop > 4096 )
    {
        memcpy( buf, d->outbuf, 512 );
        memmove( d->outbuf, d->outbuf + 512, d->outtop - 512 );
        d->outtop -= 512;
	if ( d->snoop_by )
	{
	    char snoopbuf[MAX_INPUT_LENGTH];

	    buf[512] = '\0';
	    if ( d->character && d->character->name )
	    {
		if (d->original && d->original->name)
		    sprintf( snoopbuf, "%s (%s)", d->character->name, d->original->name );
		else          
		    sprintf( snoopbuf, "%s", d->character->name);
		write_to_buffer( d->snoop_by, snoopbuf, 0);
	    }
	    write_to_buffer( d->snoop_by, "% ", 2 );
	    write_to_buffer( d->snoop_by, buf, 0 );
	}
        if ( !write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor, buf, 512 ) )
        {
	    d->outtop = 0;
	    return FALSE;
        }
        return TRUE;
    }
                                                                                        

    /*
     * Bust a prompt.
     */
    if ( fPrompt && !mud_down && d->connected == CON_PLAYING )
    {
	CHAR_DATA *ch;

	ch = d->original ? d->original : d->character;
	if ( IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_BLANK) )
	    write_to_buffer( d, "\n\r", 2 );

	if ( IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_PROMPT) )
	    display_prompt(d);
	if ( IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_TELNET_GA) )
	    write_to_buffer( d, go_ahead_str, 0 );
    }

    /*
     * Short-circuit if nothing to write.
     */
    if ( d->outtop == 0 )
	return TRUE;

    /*
     * Snoop-o-rama.
     */
    if ( d->snoop_by )
    {
        /* without check, 'force mortal quit' while snooped caused crash, -h */
	if ( d->character && d->character->name )
	{
	    /* Show original snooped names. -- Altrag */
	    if ( d->original && d->original->name )
		sprintf( buf, "%s (%s)", d->character->name, d->original->name );
	    else
		sprintf( buf, "%s", d->character->name);
	    write_to_buffer( d->snoop_by, buf, 0);
	}
	write_to_buffer( d->snoop_by, "% ", 2 );
	write_to_buffer( d->snoop_by, d->outbuf, d->outtop );
    }

    /*
     * OS-dependent output.
     */
    if ( !write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor, d->outbuf, d->outtop ) )
    {
	d->outtop = 0;
	return FALSE;
    }
    else
    {
	d->outtop = 0;
	return TRUE;
    }
}



/*
 * Append onto an output buffer.
 */
void write_to_buffer( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, const char *txt, int length )
{
    if ( !d )
    {
	bug( "Write_to_buffer: NULL descriptor" );
	return;
    }

    /*
     * Normally a bug... but can happen if loadup is used.
     */
    if ( !d->outbuf )
    	return;

    /*
     * Find length in case caller didn't.
     */
    if ( length <= 0 )
	length = strlen(txt);

/* Uncomment if debugging or something
    if ( length != strlen(txt) )
    {
	bug( "Write_to_buffer: length(%d) != strlen(txt)!", length );
	length = strlen(txt);
    }
*/

    /*
     * Initial \n\r if needed.
     */
    if ( d->outtop == 0 && !d->fcommand )
    {
	d->outbuf[0]	= '\n';
	d->outbuf[1]	= '\r';
	d->outtop	= 2;
    }

    /*
     * Expand the buffer as needed.
     */
    while ( d->outtop + length >= d->outsize )
    {
        if (d->outsize > 32000)
	{
	    /* empty buffer */
	    d->outtop = 0;
	    close_socket(d, TRUE);
	    bug("Buffer overflow. Closing (%s).", d->character ? d->character->name : "???" );
	    return;
 	}
	d->outsize *= 2;
	RECREATE( d->outbuf, char, d->outsize );
    }

    /*
     * Copy.
     */
    strncpy( d->outbuf + d->outtop, txt, length );
    d->outtop += length;
    d->outbuf[d->outtop] = '\0';
    return;
}


/*
 * Lowest level output function.
 * Write a block of text to the file descriptor.
 * If this gives errors on very long blocks (like 'ofind all'),
 *   try lowering the max block size.
 */
bool write_to_descriptor( int desc, char *txt, int length )
{
    int iStart;
    int nWrite;
    int nBlock;

    if ( length <= 0 )
	length = strlen(txt);

    for ( iStart = 0; iStart < length; iStart += nWrite )
    {
	nBlock = UMIN( length - iStart, 4096 );
	if ( ( nWrite = write( desc, txt + iStart, nBlock ) ) < 0 )
	    { perror( "Write_to_descriptor" ); return FALSE; }
    }

    return TRUE;
}



void show_title( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d )
{
    CHAR_DATA *ch;

    ch = d->character;

    if ( !IS_SET( ch->pcdata->flags, PCFLAG_NOINTRO ) )
    {
	if (IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_RIP))
	  send_rip_title(ch);
	else
	if (IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_ANSI))
	  send_ansi_title(ch);
	else
	  send_ascii_title(ch);
    }
    else
    {
      write_to_buffer( d, "Press enter...\n\r", 0 );
    }
    d->connected = CON_PRESS_ENTER;
}

/*
 * Deal with sockets that haven't logged in yet.
 */
void nanny( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *argument )
{
/*	extern int lang_array[];
	extern char *lang_names[];*/
    char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
    char arg[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
    CHAR_DATA *ch;
    char *pwdnew;
    char *p;
    int iClass;
    int iRace;
    BAN_DATA *pban;
/*    int iLang;*/
    bool fOld, chk;

    while ( isspace(*argument) )
	argument++;

    ch = d->character;

    switch ( d->connected )
    {

    default:
	bug( "Nanny: bad d->connected %d.", d->connected );
	close_socket( d, TRUE );
	return;

    case CON_GET_NAME:
	if ( argument[0] == '\0' )
	{
	    close_socket( d, FALSE );
	    return;
	}

	argument[0] = UPPER(argument[0]);
	if ( !check_parse_name( argument ) )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Illegal name, try another.\n\rName: ", 0 );
	    return;
	}

        if ( !str_cmp( argument, "New" ) )
	{
	    if (d->newstate == 0)
	    {
              /* New player */
              /* Don't allow new players if DENY_NEW_PLAYERS is true */
      	      if (sysdata.DENY_NEW_PLAYERS == TRUE)
      	      {
       		sprintf( buf, "The mud is currently preparing for a reboot.\n\r" );
      		write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
		sprintf( buf, "New players are not accepted during this time.\n\r" );
		write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
      		sprintf( buf, "Please try again in a few minutes.\n\r" );
      		write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
		close_socket( d, FALSE );
              }
              sprintf( buf, "\n\rChoosing a name is one of the most important parts of this game...\n\r"
              			"Make sure to pick a name appropriate to the character you are going\n\r"
               			"to role play, and be sure that it suits a medieval theme.\n\r"
               			"If the name you select is not acceptable, you will be asked to choose\n\r"
               			"another one.\n\r\n\rPlease choose a name for your character: ");
              write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
	      d->newstate++;
	      d->connected = CON_GET_NAME;
	      return;
	    }
	    else
   	    {
	      write_to_buffer(d, "Illegal name, try another.\n\rName: ", 0);
	      return;
	    }
	}

	if ( check_playing( d, argument, FALSE ) == BERR )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Name: ", 0 );
	    return;
	}

	fOld = load_char_obj( d, argument, TRUE );
	if ( !d->character )
	{
	    sprintf( log_buf, "Bad player file %s@%s.", argument, d->host );
	    log_string( log_buf );
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Your playerfile is corrupt...Please notify Thoric@mud.compulink.com.\n\r", 0 );
	    close_socket( d, FALSE );
	    return;
	}
	ch   = d->character;

        for ( pban = first_ban; pban; pban = pban->next )
        {
          /* This used to use str_suffix, but in order to do bans by the 
             first part of the ip, ie "ban 207.136.25" str_prefix must
             be used. -- Narn
          */
	  if ( !str_prefix( pban->name, d->host ) && 
	        pban->level >= ch->level )
          {
            write_to_buffer( d,
              "Your site has been banned from this Mud.\n\r", 0 );
            close_socket( d, FALSE );
	    return;
	  }
        }
	if ( IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_DENY) )
	{
	    sprintf( log_buf, "Denying access to %s@%s.", argument, d->host );
	    log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
	    if (d->newstate != 0)
	    {
              write_to_buffer( d, "That name is already taken.  Please choose another: ", 0 );
	      d->connected = CON_GET_NAME;
	      return;
	    }
	    write_to_buffer( d, "You are denied access.\n\r", 0 );
	    close_socket( d, FALSE );
	    return;
	}

	chk = check_reconnect( d, argument, FALSE );
	if ( chk == BERR )
	  return;

	if ( chk )
	{
	    fOld = TRUE;
	}
	else
	{
	    if ( wizlock && !IS_IMMORTAL(ch) )
	    {
		write_to_buffer( d, "The game is wizlocked.  Only immortals can connect now.\n\r", 0 );
		write_to_buffer( d, "Please try back later.\n\r", 0 );
		close_socket( d, FALSE );
		return;
	    }
	}

	if ( fOld )
	{
	    if (d->newstate != 0)
	    {
	      write_to_buffer( d, "That name is already taken.  Please choose another: ", 0 );
	      d->connected = CON_GET_NAME;
	      return;
	    }
	    /* Old player */
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Password: ", 0 );
	    write_to_buffer( d, echo_off_str, 0 );
	    d->connected = CON_GET_OLD_PASSWORD;
	    return;
	}
	else
	{
	    if (d->newstate == 0)
	    {
	      /* No such player */
	      write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rNo such player exists.\n\rPlease check your spelling, or type new to start a new player.\n\r\n\rName: ", 0 );
	      d->connected = CON_GET_NAME;
	      return;
	    }

            sprintf( buf, "Did I get that right, %s (Y/N)? ", argument );
            write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
            d->connected = CON_CONFIRM_NEW_NAME;
	    return;
	}
	break;

    case CON_GET_OLD_PASSWORD:
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\r", 2 );

	if ( strcmp( crypt( argument, ch->pcdata->pwd ), ch->pcdata->pwd ) )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Wrong password.\n\r", 0 );
	    /* clear descriptor pointer to get rid of bug message in log */
	    d->character->desc = NULL;
	    close_socket( d, FALSE );
	    return;
	}

	write_to_buffer( d, echo_on_str, 0 );

	if ( check_playing( d, ch->name, TRUE ) )
	    return;

	chk = check_reconnect( d, ch->name, TRUE );
	if ( chk == BERR )
	{
	    if ( d->character && d->character->desc )
	      d->character->desc = NULL;
	    close_socket( d, FALSE );
	    return;
	}
	if ( chk == TRUE )
	  return;

	sprintf( buf, ch->name );
	d->character->desc = NULL;
	free_char( d->character );
	fOld = load_char_obj( d, buf, FALSE );
	ch = d->character;
	sprintf( log_buf, "%s@%s has connected.", ch->name, d->host );
	if ( ch->level < LEVEL_DEMI )
	{
	  /*to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", ch->level );*/
	  log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
	}
	else
	  log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, ch->level );
	show_title(d);
	break;

    case CON_CONFIRM_NEW_NAME:
	switch ( *argument )
	{
	case 'y': case 'Y':
	    sprintf( buf, "\n\rMake sure to use a password that won't be easily guessed by someone else."
	    		  "\n\rPick a good password for %s: %s",
		ch->name, echo_off_str );
	    write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
	    d->connected = CON_GET_NEW_PASSWORD;
	    break;

	case 'n': case 'N':
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Ok, what IS it, then? ", 0 );
	    /* clear descriptor pointer to get rid of bug message in log */
	    d->character->desc = NULL;
	    free_char( d->character );
	    d->character = NULL;
	    d->connected = CON_GET_NAME;
	    break;

	default:
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Please type Yes or No. ", 0 );
	    break;
	}
	break;

    case CON_GET_NEW_PASSWORD:
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\r", 2 );

	if ( strlen(argument) < 5 )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d,
		"Password must be at least five characters long.\n\rPassword: ",
		0 );
	    return;
	}

	pwdnew = crypt( argument, ch->name );
	for ( p = pwdnew; *p != '\0'; p++ )
	{
	    if ( *p == '~' )
	    {
		write_to_buffer( d,
		    "New password not acceptable, try again.\n\rPassword: ",
		    0 );
		return;
	    }
	}

	DISPOSE( ch->pcdata->pwd );
	ch->pcdata->pwd	= str_dup( pwdnew );
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rPlease retype the password to confirm: ", 0 );
	d->connected = CON_CONFIRM_NEW_PASSWORD;
	break;

    case CON_CONFIRM_NEW_PASSWORD:
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\r", 2 );

	if ( strcmp( crypt( argument, ch->pcdata->pwd ), ch->pcdata->pwd ) )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Passwords don't match.\n\rRetype password: ",
		0 );
	    d->connected = CON_GET_NEW_PASSWORD;
	    return;
	}

	write_to_buffer( d, echo_on_str, 0 );
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rWhat is your sex (M/F/N)? ", 0 );
	d->connected = CON_GET_NEW_SEX;
	break;

    case CON_GET_NEW_SEX:
	switch ( argument[0] )
	{
	case 'm': case 'M': ch->sex = SEX_MALE;    break;
	case 'f': case 'F': ch->sex = SEX_FEMALE;  break;
	case 'n': case 'N': ch->sex = SEX_NEUTRAL; break;
	default:
	    write_to_buffer( d, "That's not a sex.\n\rWhat IS your sex? ", 0 );
	    return;
	}

	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rSelect a class, or type help [class] to learn more about that class.\n\r[", 0 );
	buf[0] = '\0';
/* NOTE: temporary fix to disable selection of augurer while the class is
   being developed. -Narn
*/
	for ( iClass = 0; iClass < MAX_CLASS; iClass++ )
	{
	    if ( iClass > 0 )
	    {
		if ( strlen(buf)+strlen(class_table[iClass]->who_name) > 77 )
		{
		   strcat( buf, "\n\r" );
		   write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
		   buf[0] = '\0';
		}
		else
		   strcat( buf, " " );
	    }
	    strcat( buf, class_table[iClass]->who_name );
	}
	strcat( buf, "]\n\r: " );
	write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
	d->connected = CON_GET_NEW_CLASS;
	break;

    case CON_GET_NEW_CLASS:
	argument = one_argument(argument, arg);

        if (!str_cmp(arg, "help"))
        {
        
	for ( iClass = 0; iClass < MAX_CLASS; iClass++ )
	{
          if ( toupper(argument[0]) == toupper(class_table[iClass]->who_name[0])
	  &&   !str_prefix( argument, class_table[iClass]->who_name ) )
	  {
	    do_help(ch, argument);
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Please choose a class: ", 0 );
            return;
	  }
        }  
	write_to_buffer( d, "No such help topic.  Please choose a class: ", 0 );
	return;
	}

	for ( iClass = 0; iClass < MAX_CLASS; iClass++ )
	{
	    if ( toupper(arg[0]) == toupper(class_table[iClass]->who_name[0])
	    &&   !str_prefix( arg, class_table[iClass]->who_name ) )
	    {
		ch->class =  iClass;
		break;
	    }
	}

	if ( iClass == MAX_CLASS )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d,
		"That's not a class.\n\rWhat IS your class? ", 0 );
	    return;
	}

	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rYou may choose from the following races, or type help [race] to learn more:\n\r[", 0 );
	buf[0] = '\0';
	for ( iRace = 0; iRace < MAX_RACE; iRace++ )
	{
	  if (iRace != RACE_VAMPIRE
	  && race_table[iRace].race_name && race_table[iRace].race_name[0] != '\0'
	  && !IS_SET(race_table[iRace].class_restriction, 1 << ch->class) )
	  {
            if ( iRace > 0 )
	    {
		if ( strlen(buf)+strlen(race_table[iRace].race_name) > 77 )
		{
		   strcat( buf, "\n\r" );
		   write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
		   buf[0] = '\0';
		}
		else
		   strcat( buf, " " );
	    }
	    strcat( buf, race_table[iRace].race_name );
          }
        }
	strcat( buf, "]\n\r: " );
	write_to_buffer( d, buf, 0 );
	d->connected = CON_GET_NEW_RACE;
	break;

    case CON_GET_NEW_RACE:
	argument = one_argument(argument, arg);
        if (!str_cmp( arg, "help") )
        {
          for ( iRace = 0; iRace < MAX_RACE; iRace++ )
	  {
	    if ( toupper(argument[0]) == toupper(race_table[iRace].race_name[0])
	    &&  !str_prefix( argument, race_table[iRace].race_name) )
	    {
	      do_help(ch, argument);
      	      write_to_buffer( d, "Please choose a race: ", 0);
	      return;
	    }
	  }
   	  write_to_buffer( d, "No help on that topic.  Please choose a race: ", 0 );
	  return;
	}
	

	for ( iRace = 0; iRace < MAX_RACE; iRace++ )
	{
	    if ( toupper(arg[0]) == toupper(race_table[iRace].race_name[0])
	    &&   !str_prefix( arg, race_table[iRace].race_name ) )
	    {
		ch->race = iRace;
		break;
	    }
	}

    if ( iRace == MAX_RACE
    ||  !race_table[iRace].race_name || race_table[iRace].race_name[0] == '\0'
    ||   iRace == RACE_VAMPIRE
    ||   IS_SET(race_table[iRace].class_restriction, 1 << ch->class) )
	{
	    write_to_buffer( d,
		"That's not a race.\n\rWhat IS your race? ", 0 );
	    return;
	}

	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rWould you like RIP, ANSI or no graphic/color support, (R/A/N)? ", 0 );
	d->connected = CON_GET_WANT_RIPANSI;
        break;
/*	write_to_buffer( d, "Would you like to make this character pkill?  You will be protected\n\r", 0 );
	write_to_buffer( d, "until you reach level five, and then fair game.  If you are not sure,\n\r", 0 );
	write_to_buffer( d, "select no.  You can always join a deadly clan later on.  Select (Y/N) ", 0 );
	d->connected = CON_GET_PKILL;
	break;

    case CON_GET_PKILL:
        switch ( argument[0] )
        {
        case 'y': case 'Y':
            SET_BIT( ch->pcdata->flags, PCFLAG_DEADLY );
            break;

        case 'n': case 'N':
            REMOVE_BIT( ch->pcdata->flags, PCFLAG_DEADLY );
            break;

        default:
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Please type Yes or No. ", 0 );
	    return;
        }

	break;
*/        
    case CON_GET_WANT_RIPANSI:
	switch ( argument[0] )
	{
	case 'r': case 'R':
	    SET_BIT(ch->act,PLR_RIP);
	    SET_BIT(ch->act,PLR_ANSI);
	    break;
	case 'a': case 'A': SET_BIT(ch->act,PLR_ANSI);  break;
	case 'n': case 'N': break;
	default:
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Invalid selection.\n\rRIP, ANSI or NONE? ", 0 );
	    return;
	}
/*
	if ( !sysdata.WAIT_FOR_AUTH )
	{
*/	    sprintf( log_buf, "%s@%s new %s %s.", ch->name, d->host,
				race_table[ch->race].race_name,
				class_table[ch->class]->who_name );
	    log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level);
	    to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", LEVEL_IMMORTAL );
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Press [ENTER] ", 0 );
	    show_title(d);
	    ch->level = 0;
	    ch->position = POS_STANDING;
	    d->connected = CON_PRESS_ENTER;
	    return;
	    break;
/*	}

	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rYou now have to wait for a god to authorize you... please be patient...\n\r", 0 );
	sprintf( log_buf, "(1) %s@%s new %s %s applying for authorization...",
				ch->name, d->host,
				race_table[ch->race].race_name,
				class_table[ch->class]->who_name );
	log_string( log_buf );
	to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", LEVEL_IMMORTAL );
	d->connected = CON_WAIT_1;
	break;

     case CON_WAIT_1:
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rTwo more tries... please be patient...\n\r", 0 );
	sprintf( log_buf, "(2) %s@%s new %s %s applying for authorization...",
				ch->name, d->host,
				race_table[ch->race].race_name,
				class_table[ch->class]->who_name );
	log_string( log_buf );
	to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", LEVEL_IMMORTAL );
	d->connected = CON_WAIT_2;
	break;

     case CON_WAIT_2:
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\rThis is your last try...\n\r", 0 );
	sprintf( log_buf, "(3) %s@%s new %s %s applying for authorization...",
				ch->name, d->host,
				race_table[ch->race].race_name,
				class_table[ch->class]->who_name );
	log_string( log_buf );
	to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", LEVEL_IMMORTAL );
	d->connected = CON_WAIT_3;
	break;

    case CON_WAIT_3:
	write_to_buffer( d, "Sorry... try again later.\n\r", 0 );
	close_socket( d, FALSE );
	return;
	break;

    case CON_ACCEPTED:

	sprintf( log_buf, "%s@%s new %s %s.", ch->name, d->host,
				race_table[ch->race].race_name,
				class_table[ch->class]->who_name );
	log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
	to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", LEVEL_IMMORTAL );
	write_to_buffer( d, "\n\r", 2 );
	show_title(d);
	ch->level = 0;
	ch->position = POS_STANDING;
	d->connected = CON_PRESS_ENTER;
	break;
*/
    case CON_PRESS_ENTER:
	if ( IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_RIP) )
	  send_rip_screen(ch);
	if ( IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_ANSI) )
	  send_to_pager( "\033[2J", ch );
	else
	  send_to_pager( "\014", ch );
	set_pager_color( AT_LBLUE, ch );
	if ( IS_HERO(ch) )
	    do_help( ch, "imotd" );
	do_help( ch, "motd" );
	send_to_pager( "\n\rPress [ENTER] ", ch );
	d->connected = CON_READ_MOTD;
	break;

    case CON_READ_MOTD:
	write_to_buffer( d,
    "\n\rWelcome to Realms of Despair...\n\r",
	    0 );
	add_char( ch );
	d->connected	= CON_PLAYING;

	if ( ch->level == 0 )
	{
	    OBJ_DATA *obj;
	    int iLang;

	    ch->pcdata->clan_name = STRALLOC( "" );
	    ch->pcdata->clan	  = NULL;
	    switch ( class_table[ch->class]->attr_prime )
	    {
	    case APPLY_STR: ch->perm_str = 16; break;
	    case APPLY_INT: ch->perm_int = 16; break;
	    case APPLY_WIS: ch->perm_wis = 16; break;
	    case APPLY_DEX: ch->perm_dex = 16; break;
	    case APPLY_CON: ch->perm_con = 16; break;
	    case APPLY_CHA: ch->perm_cha = 16; break;
	    case APPLY_LCK: ch->perm_lck = 16; break;
	    }

	    ch->perm_str	 += race_table[ch->race].str_plus;
	    ch->perm_int	 += race_table[ch->race].int_plus;
	    ch->perm_wis	 += race_table[ch->race].wis_plus;
	    ch->perm_dex	 += race_table[ch->race].dex_plus;
	    ch->perm_con	 += race_table[ch->race].con_plus;
	    ch->perm_cha	 += race_table[ch->race].cha_plus;
	    ch->affected_by	  = race_table[ch->race].affected;
	    ch->perm_lck	 += race_table[ch->race].lck_plus;
	    
	    if ( (iLang = skill_lookup( "common" )) < 0 )
	    	bug( "Nanny: cannot find common language." );
	    else
	    	ch->pcdata->learned[iLang] = 100;
	    	
	    for ( iLang = 0; lang_array[iLang] != LANG_UNKNOWN; iLang++ )
	    	if ( lang_array[iLang] == race_table[ch->race].language )
	    		break;
	    if ( lang_array[iLang] == LANG_UNKNOWN )
	    	bug( "Nanny: invalid racial language." );
	    else
	    {
	    	if ( (iLang = skill_lookup( lang_names[iLang] )) < 0 )
	    		bug( "Nanny: cannot find racial language." );
	    	else
	    		ch->pcdata->learned[iLang] = 100;
	    }

            /* ch->resist           += race_table[ch->race].resist;    drats */
            /* ch->susceptible     += race_table[ch->race].suscept;    drats */

	    name_stamp_stats( ch );

	    ch->level	= 1;
	    ch->exp	= 0;
	    ch->hit	= ch->max_hit;
	    ch->mana	= ch->max_mana;
            ch->hit    += race_table[ch->race].hit;
            ch->mana   += race_table[ch->race].mana;
	    ch->move	= ch->max_move;
	    sprintf( buf, "the %s",
		title_table [ch->class] [ch->level]
		[ch->sex == SEX_FEMALE ? 1 : 0] );
	    set_title( ch, buf );

            /* Added by Narn.  Start new characters with autoexit and autgold
               already turned on.  Very few people don't use those. */
            SET_BIT( ch->act, PLR_AUTOGOLD ); 
            SET_BIT( ch->act, PLR_AUTOEXIT ); 
	    /* New players have to earn eq
            obj = create_object( get_obj_index(OBJ_VNUM_SCHOOL_BANNER), 0 );
	    obj_to_char( obj, ch );
	    equip_char( ch, obj, WEAR_LIGHT );

	    obj = create_object( get_obj_index(OBJ_VNUM_SCHOOL_VEST), 0 );
	    obj_to_char( obj, ch );
	    equip_char( ch, obj, WEAR_BODY );

	    obj = create_object( get_obj_index(OBJ_VNUM_SCHOOL_SHIELD), 0 );
	    obj_to_char( obj, ch );
	    equip_char( ch, obj, WEAR_SHIELD );

	    obj = create_object( get_obj_index(class_table[ch->class]->weapon),
		0 );
	    obj_to_char( obj, ch );
	    equip_char( ch, obj, WEAR_WIELD );
*/
            /* Added by Brittany, Nov 24/96.  The object is the adventurer's guide
               to the realms of despair, part of Academy.are. */
            {
            OBJ_INDEX_DATA *obj_ind = get_obj_index( 10333 );
            if ( obj_ind != NULL )
            {
              obj = create_object( obj_ind, 0 );
              obj_to_char( obj, ch );
              equip_char( ch, obj, WEAR_HOLD );
            }
            }
	    if (!sysdata.WAIT_FOR_AUTH)
	      char_to_room( ch, get_room_index( ROOM_VNUM_SCHOOL ) );
	    else
	    {
	      char_to_room( ch, get_room_index( ROOM_AUTH_START ) );
	      ch->pcdata->auth_state = 0;
	      SET_BIT(ch->pcdata->flags, PCFLAG_UNAUTHED);
	    }
	    /* Display_prompt interprets blank as default */
	    ch->pcdata->prompt = STRALLOC("");
	}
	else
	if ( !IS_IMMORTAL(ch) && ch->pcdata->release_date > current_time )
	{
	    char_to_room( ch, get_room_index(6) );
	}
	else
	if ( ch->in_room && ( IS_IMMORTAL( ch ) 
             || !IS_SET( ch->in_room->room_flags, ROOM_PROTOTYPE ) ) )
	{
	    char_to_room( ch, ch->in_room );
	}
	else
	if ( IS_IMMORTAL(ch) )
	{
	    char_to_room( ch, get_room_index( ROOM_VNUM_CHAT ) );
	}
	else
	{
	    char_to_room( ch, get_room_index( ROOM_VNUM_TEMPLE ) );
	}

    if ( get_timer( ch, TIMER_SHOVEDRAG ) > 0 )
        remove_timer( ch, TIMER_SHOVEDRAG );

    if ( get_timer( ch, TIMER_PKILLED ) > 0 )
	remove_timer( ch, TIMER_PKILLED );

    act( AT_ACTION, "$n has entered the game.", ch, NULL, NULL, TO_ROOM );
    do_look( ch, "auto" );
    mail_count(ch);
    break;

        /* Far too many possible screwups if we do it this way. -- Altrag */
/*        case CON_NEW_LANGUAGE:
        for ( iLang = 0; lang_array[iLang] != LANG_UNKNOWN; iLang++ )
		if ( !str_prefix( argument, lang_names[iLang] ) )
			if ( can_learn_lang( ch, lang_array[iLang] ) )
			{
				add_char( ch );
				SET_BIT( ch->speaks, lang_array[iLang] );
				set_char_color( AT_SAY, ch );
				ch_printf( ch, "You can now speak %s.\n\r", lang_names[iLang] );
				d->connected = CON_PLAYING;
				return;
			}
	set_char_color( AT_SAY, ch );
	write_to_buffer( d, "You may not learn that language.  Please choose another.\n\r"
				  "New language: ", 0 );
	break;*/
    }

    return;
}



/*
 * Parse a name for acceptability.
 */
bool check_parse_name( char *name )
{
    /*
     * Reserved words.
     */
    if ( is_name( name, "all auto immortal self someone god supreme demigod dog guard cityguard cat cornholio spock hicaine hithoric death ass fuck shit piss crap quit" ) )
	return FALSE;

    /*
     * Length restrictions.
     */
    if ( strlen(name) <  3 )
	return FALSE;

    if ( strlen(name) > 12 )
	return FALSE;

    /*
     * Alphanumerics only.
     * Lock out IllIll twits.
     */
    {
	char *pc;
	bool fIll;

	fIll = TRUE;
	for ( pc = name; *pc != '\0'; pc++ )
	{
	    if ( !isalpha(*pc) )
		return FALSE;
	    if ( LOWER(*pc) != 'i' && LOWER(*pc) != 'l' )
		fIll = FALSE;
	}

	if ( fIll )
	    return FALSE;
    }

    /*
     * Code that followed here used to prevent players from naming
     * themselves after mobs... this caused much havoc when new areas
     * would go in...
     */

    return TRUE;
}



/*
 * Look for link-dead player to reconnect.
 */
bool check_reconnect( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *name, bool fConn )
{
    CHAR_DATA *ch;

    for ( ch = first_char; ch; ch = ch->next )
    {
	if ( !IS_NPC(ch)
	&& ( !fConn || !ch->desc )
	&&    ch->name
	&&   !str_cmp( name, ch->name ) )
	{
	    if ( fConn && ch->switched )
	    {
	      write_to_buffer( d, "Already playing.\n\rName: ", 0 );
	      d->connected = CON_GET_NAME;
	      if ( d->character )
	      {
		 /* clear descriptor pointer to get rid of bug message in log */
		 d->character->desc = NULL;
		 free_char( d->character );
		 d->character = NULL;
	      }
	      return BERR;
	    }
	    if ( fConn == FALSE )
	    {
		DISPOSE( d->character->pcdata->pwd );
		d->character->pcdata->pwd = str_dup( ch->pcdata->pwd );
	    }
	    else
	    {
		/* clear descriptor pointer to get rid of bug message in log */
		d->character->desc = NULL;
		free_char( d->character );
		d->character = ch;
		ch->desc	 = d;
		ch->timer	 = 0;
		send_to_char( "Reconnecting.\n\r", ch );
		act( AT_ACTION, "$n has reconnected.", ch, NULL, NULL, TO_ROOM );
		sprintf( log_buf, "%s@%s reconnected.", ch->name, d->host );
		log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, UMAX( sysdata.log_level, ch->level ) );
/*
		if ( ch->level < LEVEL_SAVIOR )
		  to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", ch->level );
*/
		d->connected = CON_PLAYING;
	    }
	    return TRUE;
	}
    }

    return FALSE;
}



/*
 * Check if already playing.
 */
bool check_playing( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *name, bool kick )
{
    CHAR_DATA *ch;

    DESCRIPTOR_DATA *dold;
    int	cstate;

    for ( dold = first_descriptor; dold; dold = dold->next )
    {
	if ( dold != d
	&& (  dold->character || dold->original )
	&&   !str_cmp( name, dold->original
		 ? dold->original->name : dold->character->name ) )
	{
	    cstate = dold->connected;
	    ch = dold->original ? dold->original : dold->character;
	    if ( !ch->name
	    || ( cstate != CON_PLAYING && cstate != CON_EDITING ) )
	    {
		write_to_buffer( d, "Already connected - try again.\n\r", 0 );
		sprintf( log_buf, "%s already connected.", ch->name );
		log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, sysdata.log_level );
		return BERR;
	    }
	    if ( !kick )
	      return TRUE;
	    write_to_buffer( d, "Already playing... Kicking off old connection.\n\r", 0 );
	    write_to_buffer( dold, "Kicking off old connection... bye!\n\r", 0 );
	    close_socket( dold, FALSE );
	    /* clear descriptor pointer to get rid of bug message in log */
	    d->character->desc = NULL;
	    free_char( d->character );
	    d->character = ch;
	    ch->desc	 = d;
	    ch->timer	 = 0;
	    if ( ch->switched )
	      do_return( ch->switched, "" );
	    ch->switched = NULL;
	    send_to_char( "Reconnecting.\n\r", ch );
	    act( AT_ACTION, "$n has reconnected, kicking off old link.",
	         ch, NULL, NULL, TO_ROOM );
	    sprintf( log_buf, "%s@%s reconnected, kicking off old link.",
	             ch->name, d->host );
	    log_string_plus( log_buf, LOG_COMM, UMAX( sysdata.log_level, ch->level ) );
/*
	    if ( ch->level < LEVEL_SAVIOR )
	      to_channel( log_buf, CHANNEL_MONITOR, "Monitor", ch->level );
*/
	    d->connected = cstate;
	    return TRUE;
	}
    }

    return FALSE;
}



void stop_idling( CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
    if ( !ch
    ||   !ch->desc
    ||    ch->desc->connected != CON_PLAYING
    ||   !ch->was_in_room
    ||    ch->in_room != get_room_index( ROOM_VNUM_LIMBO ) )
	return;

    ch->timer = 0;
    char_from_room( ch );
    char_to_room( ch, ch->was_in_room );
    ch->was_in_room	= NULL;
    act( AT_ACTION, "$n has returned from the void.", ch, NULL, NULL, TO_ROOM );
    return;
}



/*
 * Write to one char.
 */
void send_to_char( const char *txt, CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
    if ( !ch )
    {
      bug( "Send_to_char: NULL *ch" );
      return;
    }
    if ( txt && ch->desc )
	write_to_buffer( ch->desc, txt, strlen(txt) );
    return;
}

/*
 * Same as above, but converts &color codes to ANSI sequences..
 */
void send_to_char_color( const char *txt, CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
  DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d;
  char *colstr;
  const char *prevstr = txt;
  char colbuf[20];
  int ln;
  
  if ( !ch )
  {
    bug( "Send_to_char_color: NULL *ch" );
    return;
  }
  if ( !txt || !ch->desc )
    return;
  d = ch->desc;
  /* Clear out old color stuff */
/*  make_color_sequence(NULL, NULL, NULL);*/
  while ( (colstr = strpbrk(prevstr, "&^")) != NULL )
  {
    write_to_buffer(d, prevstr, (colstr-prevstr));
    ln = make_color_sequence(colstr, colbuf, d);
    if ( ln < 0 )
    {
      prevstr = colstr+1;
      break;
    }
    else if ( ln > 0 )
      write_to_buffer(d, colbuf, ln);
    prevstr = colstr+2;
  }
  if ( *prevstr )
    write_to_buffer(d, prevstr, 0);
  return;
}

void write_to_pager( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, const char *txt, int length )
{
  if ( length <= 0 )
    length = strlen(txt);
  if ( length == 0 )
    return;
  if ( !d->pagebuf )
  {
    d->pagesize = MAX_STRING_LENGTH;
    CREATE( d->pagebuf, char, d->pagesize );
  }
  if ( !d->pagepoint )
  {
    d->pagepoint = d->pagebuf;
    d->pagetop = 0;
    d->pagecmd = '\0';
  }
  if ( d->pagetop == 0 && !d->fcommand )
  {
    d->pagebuf[0] = '\n';
    d->pagebuf[1] = '\r';
    d->pagetop = 2;
  }
  while ( d->pagetop + length >= d->pagesize )
  {
    if ( d->pagesize > 32000 )
    {
      bug( "Pager overflow.  Ignoring.\n\r" );
      d->pagetop = 0;
      d->pagepoint = NULL;
      DISPOSE(d->pagebuf);
      d->pagesize = MAX_STRING_LENGTH;
      return;
    }
    d->pagesize *= 2;
    RECREATE(d->pagebuf, char, d->pagesize);
  }
  strncpy(d->pagebuf+d->pagetop, txt, length);
  d->pagetop += length;
  d->pagebuf[d->pagetop] = '\0';
  return;
}

void send_to_pager( const char *txt, CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
  if ( !ch )
  {
    bug( "Send_to_pager: NULL *ch" );
    return;
  }
  if ( txt && ch->desc )
  {
    DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d = ch->desc;
    
    ch = d->original ? d->original : d->character;
    if ( IS_NPC(ch) || !IS_SET(ch->pcdata->flags, PCFLAG_PAGERON) )
    {
	send_to_char(txt, d->character);
	return;
    }
    write_to_pager(d, txt, 0);
  }
  return;
}

void send_to_pager_color( const char *txt, CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
  DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d;
  char *colstr;
  const char *prevstr = txt;
  char colbuf[20];
  int ln;
  
  if ( !ch )
  {
    bug( "Send_to_pager_colors: NULL *ch" );
    return;
  }
  if ( !txt || !ch->desc )
    return;
  d = ch->desc;
  ch = d->original ? d->original : d->character;
  if ( IS_NPC(ch) || !IS_SET(ch->pcdata->flags, PCFLAG_PAGERON) )
  {
    send_to_char_color(txt, d->character);
    return;
  }
  /* Clear out old color stuff */
/*  make_color_sequence(NULL, NULL, NULL);*/
  while ( (colstr = strpbrk(prevstr, "&^")) != NULL )
  {
    write_to_pager(d, prevstr, (colstr-prevstr));
    ln = make_color_sequence(colstr, colbuf, d);
    if ( ln < 0 )
    {
      prevstr = colstr+1;
      break;
    }
    else if ( ln > 0 )
      write_to_pager(d, colbuf, ln);
    prevstr = colstr+2;
  }
  if ( *prevstr )
    write_to_pager(d, prevstr, 0);
  return;
}

void set_char_color( sh_int AType, CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
    char buf[16];
    CHAR_DATA *och;
    
    if ( !ch || !ch->desc )
      return;
    
    och = (ch->desc->original ? ch->desc->original : ch);
    if ( !IS_NPC(och) && IS_SET(och->act, PLR_ANSI) )
    {
	if ( AType == 7 )
	  strcpy( buf, "\033[m" );
	else
	  sprintf(buf, "\033[0;%d;%s%dm", (AType & 8) == 8,
	        (AType > 15 ? "5;" : ""), (AType & 7)+30);
	write_to_buffer( ch->desc, buf, strlen(buf) );
    }
    return;
}

void set_pager_color( sh_int AType, CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
    char buf[16];
    CHAR_DATA *och;
    
    if ( !ch || !ch->desc )
      return;
    
    och = (ch->desc->original ? ch->desc->original : ch);
    if ( !IS_NPC(och) && IS_SET(och->act, PLR_ANSI) )
    {
	if ( AType == 7 )
	  strcpy( buf, "\033[m" );
	else
	  sprintf(buf, "\033[0;%d;%s%dm", (AType & 8) == 8,
	        (AType > 15 ? "5;" : ""), (AType & 7)+30);
	send_to_pager( buf, ch );
	ch->desc->pagecolor = AType;
    }
    return;
}


/* source: EOD, by John Booth <???> */
void ch_printf(CHAR_DATA *ch, char *fmt, ...)
{
    char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH*2];	/* better safe than sorry */
    va_list args;

    va_start(args, fmt);
    vsprintf(buf, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
	
    send_to_char(buf, ch);
}

void pager_printf(CHAR_DATA *ch, char *fmt, ...)
{
    char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH*2];
    va_list args;

    va_start(args, fmt);
    vsprintf(buf, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
	
    send_to_pager(buf, ch);
}



char *obj_short( OBJ_DATA *obj )
{
    static char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];

    if ( obj->count > 1 )
    {
	sprintf( buf, "%s (%d)", obj->short_descr, obj->count );
	return buf;
    }
    return obj->short_descr;
}

/*
 * The primary output interface for formatted output.
 */
/* Major overhaul. -- Alty */
#define NAME(ch)	(IS_NPC(ch) ? ch->short_descr : ch->name)
char *act_string(const char *format, CHAR_DATA *to, CHAR_DATA *ch,
		 const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
  static char * const he_she  [] = { "it",  "he",  "she" };
  static char * const him_her [] = { "it",  "him", "her" };
  static char * const his_her [] = { "its", "his", "her" };
  static char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
  char fname[MAX_INPUT_LENGTH];
  char *point = buf;
  const char *str = format;
  const char *i;
  CHAR_DATA *vch = (CHAR_DATA *) arg2;
  OBJ_DATA *obj1 = (OBJ_DATA  *) arg1;
  OBJ_DATA *obj2 = (OBJ_DATA  *) arg2;

  while ( *str != '\0' )
  {
    if ( *str != '$' )
    {
      *point++ = *str++;
      continue;
    }
    ++str;
    if ( !arg2 && *str >= 'A' && *str <= 'Z' )
    {
      bug( "Act: missing arg2 for code %c:", *str );
      bug( format );
      i = " <@@@> ";
    }
    else
    {
      switch ( *str )
      {
      default:  bug( "Act: bad code %c.", *str );
		i = " <@@@> ";						break;
      case 't': i = (char *) arg1;					break;
      case 'T': i = (char *) arg2;					break;
      case 'n': i = (to ? PERS( ch, to) : NAME( ch));			break;
      case 'N': i = (to ? PERS(vch, to) : NAME(vch));			break;
      case 'e': if (ch->sex > 2 || ch->sex < 0)
		{
		  bug("act_string: player %s has sex set at %d!", ch->name,
		      ch->sex);
		  i = "it";
		}
		else
		  i = he_she [URANGE(0,  ch->sex, 2)];
		break;
      case 'E': if (vch->sex > 2 || vch->sex < 0)
		{
		  bug("act_string: player %s has sex set at %d!", vch->name,
		      vch->sex);
		  i = "it";
		}
		else
		  i = he_she [URANGE(0, vch->sex, 2)];
		break;
      case 'm': if (ch->sex > 2 || ch->sex < 0)
		{
		  bug("act_string: player %s has sex set at %d!", ch->name,
		      ch->sex);
		  i = "it";
		}
		else
		  i = him_her[URANGE(0,  ch->sex, 2)];
		break;
      case 'M': if (vch->sex > 2 || vch->sex < 0)
		{
		  bug("act_string: player %s has sex set at %d!", vch->name,
		      vch->sex);
		  i = "it";
		}
		else
		  i = him_her[URANGE(0, vch->sex, 2)];
		break;
      case 's': if (ch->sex > 2 || ch->sex < 0)
		{
		  bug("act_string: player %s has sex set at %d!", ch->name,
		      ch->sex);
		  i = "its";
		}
		else
		  i = his_her[URANGE(0,  ch->sex, 2)];
		break;
      case 'S': if (vch->sex > 2 || vch->sex < 0)
		{
		  bug("act_string: player %s has sex set at %d!", vch->name,
		      vch->sex);
		  i = "its";
		}
		else
		  i = his_her[URANGE(0, vch->sex, 2)];
		break;
      case 'q': i = (to == ch) ? "" : "s";				break;
      case 'Q': i = (to == ch) ? "your" :
		    his_her[URANGE(0,  ch->sex, 2)];			break;
      case 'p': i = (!to || can_see_obj(to, obj1)
		  ? obj_short(obj1) : "something");			break;
      case 'P': i = (!to || can_see_obj(to, obj2)
		  ? obj_short(obj2) : "something");			break;
      case 'd':
        if ( !arg2 || ((char *) arg2)[0] == '\0' )
          i = "door";
        else
        {
          one_argument((char *) arg2, fname);
          i = fname;
        }
        break;
      }
    }
    ++str;
    while ( (*point = *i) != '\0' )
      ++point, ++i;
  }
  strcpy(point, "\n\r");
  buf[0] = UPPER(buf[0]);
  return buf;
}
#undef NAME
  
void act( sh_int AType, const char *format, CHAR_DATA *ch, const void *arg1, const void *arg2, int type )
{
    char *txt;
    CHAR_DATA *to;
    CHAR_DATA *vch = (CHAR_DATA *)arg2;

    /*
     * Discard null and zero-length messages.
     */
    if ( !format || format[0] == '\0' )
	return;

    if ( !ch )
    {
	bug( "Act: null ch. (%s)", format );
	return;
    }

    if ( !ch->in_room )
      to = NULL;
    else if ( type == TO_CHAR )
      to = ch;
    else
      to = ch->in_room->first_person;

    /*
     * ACT_SECRETIVE handling
     */
    if ( IS_NPC(ch) && IS_SET(ch->act, ACT_SECRETIVE) && type != TO_CHAR )
	return;

    if ( type == TO_VICT )
    {
	if ( !vch )
	{
	    bug( "Act: null vch with TO_VICT." );
	    bug( "%s (%s)", ch->name, format );
	    return;
	}
	if ( !vch->in_room )
	{
	    bug( "Act: vch in NULL room!" );
	    bug( "%s -> %s (%s)", ch->name, vch->name, format );
	    return;
	}
	to = vch;
/*	to = vch->in_room->first_person;*/
    }

    if ( MOBtrigger && type != TO_CHAR && type != TO_VICT && to )
    {
      OBJ_DATA *to_obj;
      
      txt = act_string(format, NULL, ch, arg1, arg2);
      if ( IS_SET(to->in_room->progtypes, ACT_PROG) )
        rprog_act_trigger(txt, to->in_room, ch, (OBJ_DATA *)arg1, (void *)arg2);
      for ( to_obj = to->in_room->first_content; to_obj;
            to_obj = to_obj->next_content )
        if ( IS_SET(to_obj->pIndexData->progtypes, ACT_PROG) )
          oprog_act_trigger(txt, to_obj, ch, (OBJ_DATA *)arg1, (void *)arg2);
    }

    /* Anyone feel like telling me the point of looping through the whole
       room when we're only sending to one char anyways..? -- Alty */
    for ( ; to; to = (type == TO_CHAR || type == TO_VICT)
                     ? NULL : to->next_in_room )
    {
	if ((!to->desc 
	&& (  IS_NPC(to) && !IS_SET(to->pIndexData->progtypes, ACT_PROG) ))
	||   !IS_AWAKE(to) )
	    continue;

	if ( type == TO_CHAR && to != ch )
	    continue;
	if ( type == TO_VICT && ( to != vch || to == ch ) )
	    continue;
	if ( type == TO_ROOM && to == ch )
	    continue;
	if ( type == TO_NOTVICT && (to == ch || to == vch) )
	    continue;

	txt = act_string(format, to, ch, arg1, arg2);
	if (to->desc)
	{
	  set_char_color(AType, to);
	  write_to_buffer( to->desc, txt, strlen(txt) );
	}
	if (MOBtrigger)
        {
          /* Note: use original string, not string with ANSI. -- Alty */
	  mprog_act_trigger( txt, to, ch, (OBJ_DATA *)arg1, (void *)arg2 );
        }
    }
    MOBtrigger = TRUE;
    return;
}

void do_name( CHAR_DATA *ch, char *argument )
{
  char fname[1024];
  struct stat fst;
  CHAR_DATA *tmp;

  if ( !NOT_AUTHED(ch) || ch->pcdata->auth_state != 2)
  {
    send_to_char("Huh?\n\r", ch);
    return;
  }

  argument[0] = UPPER(argument[0]);

  if (!check_parse_name(argument))
  {
    send_to_char("Illegal name, try another.\n\r", ch);
    return;
  }

  if (!str_cmp(ch->name, argument))
  {
    send_to_char("That's already your name!\n\r", ch);
    return;
  }

  for ( tmp = first_char; tmp; tmp = tmp->next )
  {
    if (!str_cmp(argument, tmp->name))
    break;
  }

  if ( tmp )
  {
    send_to_char("That name is already taken.  Please choose another.\n\r", ch);
    return;
  }

  sprintf( fname, "%s%c/%s", PLAYER_DIR, tolower(argument[0]),
                        capitalize( argument ) );
  if ( stat( fname, &fst ) != -1 )
  {
    send_to_char("That name is already taken.  Please choose another.\n\r", ch);
    return;
  }

  STRFREE( ch->name );
  ch->name = STRALLOC( argument );
  send_to_char("Your name has been changed.  Please apply again.\n\r", ch);
  ch->pcdata->auth_state = 0;
  return;
}
  
char *default_prompt( CHAR_DATA *ch )
{
  static char buf[60];

  strcpy(buf, "&w<&Y%hhp ");
  if ( IS_VAMPIRE(ch) )
    strcat(buf, "&R%bbp");
  else
    strcat(buf, "&C%mm");
  strcat(buf, " &G%vmv&w> ");
  if ( IS_NPC(ch) || IS_IMMORTAL(ch) )
    strcat(buf, "%i%R");
  return buf;
}

int getcolor(char clr)
{
  static const char colors[16] = "xrgObpcwzRGYBPCW";
  int r;
  
  for ( r = 0; r < 16; r++ )
    if ( clr == colors[r] )
      return r;
  return -1;
}

void display_prompt( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d )
{
  CHAR_DATA *ch = d->character;
  CHAR_DATA *och = (d->original ? d->original : d->character);
  bool ansi = (!IS_NPC(och) && IS_SET(och->act, PLR_ANSI));
  const char *prompt;
  char buf[MAX_STRING_LENGTH];
  char *pbuf = buf;
  int stat;

  if ( !ch )
  {
    bug( "display_prompt: NULL ch" );
    return;
  }

  if ( !IS_NPC(ch) && ch->substate != SUB_NONE && ch->pcdata->subprompt
  &&   ch->pcdata->subprompt[0] != '\0' )
    prompt = ch->pcdata->subprompt;
  else
  if ( IS_NPC(ch) || !ch->pcdata->prompt || !*ch->pcdata->prompt )
    prompt = default_prompt(ch);
  else
    prompt = ch->pcdata->prompt;

  if ( ansi )
  {
    strcpy(pbuf, "\033[m");
    d->prevcolor = 0x07;
    pbuf += 3;
  }
  /* Clear out old color stuff */
/*  make_color_sequence(NULL, NULL, NULL);*/
  for ( ; *prompt; prompt++ )
  {
    /*
     * '&' = foreground color/intensity bit
     * '^' = background color/blink bit
     * '%' = prompt commands
     * Note: foreground changes will revert background to 0 (black)
     */
    if ( *prompt != '&' && *prompt != '^' && *prompt != '%' )
    {
      *(pbuf++) = *prompt;
      continue;
    }
    ++prompt;
    if ( !*prompt )
      break;
    if ( *prompt == *(prompt-1) )
    {
      *(pbuf++) = *prompt;
      continue;
    }
    switch(*(prompt-1))
    {
    default:
      bug( "Display_prompt: bad command char '%c'.", *(prompt-1) );
      break;
    case '&':
    case '^':
      stat = make_color_sequence(&prompt[-1], pbuf, d);
      if ( stat < 0 )
        --prompt;
      else if ( stat > 0 )
        pbuf += stat;
      break;
    case '%':
      *pbuf = '\0';
      stat = 0x80000000;
      switch(*prompt)
      {
      case '%':
	*pbuf++ = '%';
	*pbuf = '\0';
	break;
      case 'a':
	if ( ch->level >= 10 )
	  stat = ch->alignment;
	else if ( IS_GOOD(ch) )
	  strcpy(pbuf, "good");
	else if ( IS_EVIL(ch) )
	  strcpy(pbuf, "evil");
	else
	  strcpy(pbuf, "neutral");
	break;
      case 'h':
	stat = ch->hit;
	break;
      case 'H':
	stat = ch->max_hit;
	break;
      case 'm':
	if ( IS_VAMPIRE(ch) )
	  stat = 0;
	else
	  stat = ch->mana;
	break;
      case 'M':
	if ( IS_VAMPIRE(ch) )
	  stat = 0;
	else
	  stat = ch->max_mana;
	break;
      case 'b':
	if ( IS_VAMPIRE(ch) )
	  stat = ch->pcdata->condition[COND_BLOODTHIRST];
	else
	  stat = 0;
	break;
      case 'B':
	if ( IS_VAMPIRE(ch) )
	  stat = ch->level + 10;
	else
	  stat = 0;
	break;
      case 'u':
	stat = num_descriptors;
	break;
      case 'U':
	stat = sysdata.maxplayers;
	break;
      case 'v':
	stat = ch->move;
	break;
      case 'V':
	stat = ch->max_move;
	break;
      case 'g':
	stat = ch->gold;
	break;
      case 'r':
	if ( IS_IMMORTAL(och) )
	  stat = ch->in_room->vnum;
	break;
      case 'R':
	if ( IS_SET(och->act, PLR_ROOMVNUM) )
	  sprintf(pbuf, "<#%d> ", ch->in_room->vnum);
	break;
      case 'x':
	stat = ch->exp;
	break;
      case 'X':
	stat = exp_level(ch, ch->level+1) - ch->exp;
	break;
      case 'i':
	if ( (!IS_NPC(ch) && IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_WIZINVIS)) ||
	      (IS_NPC(ch) && IS_SET(ch->act, ACT_MOBINVIS)) )
	  sprintf(pbuf, "(Invis %d) ", (IS_NPC(ch) ? ch->mobinvis : ch->pcdata->wizinvis));
	else
	if ( IS_AFFECTED(ch, AFF_INVISIBLE) )
	  sprintf(pbuf, "(Invis) " );
	break;
      case 'I':
	stat = (IS_NPC(ch) ? (IS_SET(ch->act, ACT_MOBINVIS) ? ch->mobinvis : 0)
	     : (IS_SET(ch->act, PLR_WIZINVIS) ? ch->pcdata->wizinvis : 0));
	break;
      }
      if ( stat != 0x80000000 )
	sprintf(pbuf, "%d", stat);
      pbuf += strlen(pbuf);
      break;
    }
  }
  *pbuf = '\0';
  write_to_buffer(d, buf, (pbuf-buf));
  return;
}

int make_color_sequence(const char *col, char *buf, DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d)
{
  int ln;
  const char *ctype = col;
  unsigned char cl;
  CHAR_DATA *och;
  bool ansi;
  
  och = (d->original ? d->original : d->character);
  ansi = (!IS_NPC(och) && IS_SET(och->act, PLR_ANSI));
  col++;
  if ( !*col )
    ln = -1;
  else if ( *ctype != '&' && *ctype != '^' )
  {
    bug("Make_color_sequence: command '%c' not '&' or '^'.", *ctype);
    ln = -1;
  }
  else if ( *col == *ctype )
  {
    buf[0] = *col;
    buf[1] = '\0';
    ln = 1;
  }
  else if ( !ansi )
    ln = 0;
  else
  {
    cl = d->prevcolor;
    switch(*ctype)
    {
    default:
      bug( "Make_color_sequence: bad command char '%c'.", *ctype );
      ln = -1;
      break;
    case '&':
      if ( *col == '-' )
      {
        buf[0] = '~';
        buf[1] = '\0';
        ln = 1;
        break;
      }
    case '^':
      {
        int newcol;
        
        if ( (newcol = getcolor(*col)) < 0 )
        {
          ln = 0;
          break;
        }
        else if ( *ctype == '&' )
          cl = (cl & 0xF0) | newcol;
        else
          cl = (cl & 0x0F) | (newcol << 4);
      }
      if ( cl == d->prevcolor )
      {
        ln = 0;
        break;
      }
      strcpy(buf, "\033[");
      if ( (cl & 0x88) != (d->prevcolor & 0x88) )
      {
        strcat(buf, "m\033[");
        if ( (cl & 0x08) )
          strcat(buf, "1;");
        if ( (cl & 0x80) )
          strcat(buf, "5;");
        d->prevcolor = 0x07 | (cl & 0x88);
        ln = strlen(buf);
      }
      else
        ln = 2;
      if ( (cl & 0x07) != (d->prevcolor & 0x07) )
      {
        sprintf(buf+ln, "3%d;", cl & 0x07);
        ln += 3;
      }
      if ( (cl & 0x70) != (d->prevcolor & 0x70) )
      {
        sprintf(buf+ln, "4%d;", (cl & 0x70) >> 4);
        ln += 3;
      }
      if ( buf[ln-1] == ';' )
        buf[ln-1] = 'm';
      else
      {
        buf[ln++] = 'm';
        buf[ln] = '\0';
      }
      d->prevcolor = cl;
    }
  }
  if ( ln <= 0 )
    *buf = '\0';
  return ln;
}

void set_pager_input( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d, char *argument )
{
  while ( isspace(*argument) )
    argument++;
  d->pagecmd = *argument;
  return;
}

bool pager_output( DESCRIPTOR_DATA *d )
{
  register char *last;
  CHAR_DATA *ch;
  int pclines;
  register int lines;
  bool ret;

  if ( !d || !d->pagepoint || d->pagecmd == -1 )
    return TRUE;
  ch = d->original ? d->original : d->character;
  pclines = UMAX(ch->pcdata->pagerlen, 5) - 1;
  switch(LOWER(d->pagecmd))
  {
  default:
    lines = 0;
    break;
  case 'b':
    lines = -1-(pclines*2);
    break;
  case 'r':
    lines = -1-pclines;
    break;
  case 'q':
    d->pagetop = 0;
    d->pagepoint = NULL;
    flush_buffer(d, TRUE);
    DISPOSE(d->pagebuf);
    d->pagesize = MAX_STRING_LENGTH;
    return TRUE;
  }
  while ( lines < 0 && d->pagepoint >= d->pagebuf )
    if ( *(--d->pagepoint) == '\n' )
      ++lines;
  if ( *d->pagepoint == '\n' && *(++d->pagepoint) == '\r' )
      ++d->pagepoint;
  if ( d->pagepoint < d->pagebuf )
    d->pagepoint = d->pagebuf;
  for ( lines = 0, last = d->pagepoint; lines < pclines; ++last )
    if ( !*last )
      break;
    else if ( *last == '\n' )
      ++lines;
  if ( *last == '\r' )
    ++last;
  if ( last != d->pagepoint )
  {
    if ( !write_to_descriptor(d->descriptor, d->pagepoint,
          (last-d->pagepoint)) )
      return FALSE;
    d->pagepoint = last;
  }
  while ( isspace(*last) )
    ++last;
  if ( !*last )
  {
    d->pagetop = 0;
    d->pagepoint = NULL;
    flush_buffer(d, TRUE);
    DISPOSE(d->pagebuf);
    d->pagesize = MAX_STRING_LENGTH;
    return TRUE;
  }
  d->pagecmd = -1;
  if ( IS_SET( ch->act, PLR_ANSI ) )
      if ( write_to_descriptor(d->descriptor, "\033[1;36m", 7) == FALSE )
	return FALSE;
  if ( (ret=write_to_descriptor(d->descriptor,
	"(C)ontinue, (R)efresh, (B)ack, (Q)uit: [C] ", 0)) == FALSE )
	return FALSE;
  if ( IS_SET( ch->act, PLR_ANSI ) )
  {
      char buf[32];

      if ( d->pagecolor == 7 )
	strcpy( buf, "\033[m" );
      else
	sprintf(buf, "\033[0;%d;%s%dm", (d->pagecolor & 8) == 8,
		(d->pagecolor > 15 ? "5;" : ""), (d->pagecolor & 7)+30);
      ret = write_to_descriptor( d->descriptor, buf, 0 );
  }
  return ret;
}